Question

Define: 1)Menarche 2)Menopause

Answer 1

Hint:Menarche and Menopause both the terms are related to a females hormonal sexual cycle known as menstrual cycle. This menstrual cycle repeats itself in almost every 28 days.

Complete answer:
 1)Menarche
>Menarche is the beginning of the menstrual cycle in females.
>Beginning of menarche is approximately between the age group of 11-16 years.
>During the menarche, there is an increase in the bone mass.
>It signifies the beginning of the reproductive cycle of females.
>Estrogen level increases during menarche.
>Acne, irritability, mood swings, are the general signs of menarche(onset of the menstrual cycle).
>This is the onset of reproductive ability of a woman.(the female is completely able now to conceive).

2)Menopause
>Menopause is the ending phase of the menstrual cycle in females.
>Generally, menopause may occur between the age group of 45 - 50 years.
>With the increasing age and significant hormonal changes during the menopausal time, the bone mass starts deteriorating. (significant reduction in bone mass).
>It signifies the end of the reproductive cycle of the females.
>Estrogen level starts decreasing slowly during menopause and then further declines.( this is also the reason for the low bone density in the old age of females)
>Weight gain, lack of sleep, skin dryness, anxiety, low bone density, mood swings and hair loss are the general signs seen during menopause.
>This is the end of reproductive maturity (the female cannot conceive further).

Note:On reaching the puberty stage, menarche starts. In females, the first menstruation that occurs between the age of 13 years -16 years of age is known as menarche. This happens when the level of reproductive hormones increases. The girls at a younger generation only start showing the sign of puberty like growing of pubic hair and breast growth, etc.
whereas,
On reaching the stage of 45-55 years, the menstruation cycle and ovulation stop in females and this stage is known as menopause. This occurs when the hormonal level decreases.