Question

Crystallization, evaporation and distillation is a means of:
A. Separating soluble substances in solutions.
B. Separating insoluble substances in solutions.
C. Separating filtrate from the solutions.
D. All of the above.

Answer 1

Hint: Evaporation involves the change in state of any element or compound from liquid state to gaseous state while crystallization involves the conversion of a chemical from liquid state to crystalline state. Distillation involves separation of two fluids.

Complete step by step answer:
Before finding the correct option, let us know about crystallisation, evaporation and distillation.
- Crystallisation is the process by which a chemical is converted from soluble liquid solution into a solid crystalline state. The process of crystallisation is used for both separation and purification. Crystallization is a chemical solid-liquid separation technique.
- Evaporation is the process by which any element or compound converts its state from liquid state to gaseous state below the temperature at which it boils. It is considered as an important part of the exchange of energy in the earth-atmosphere system. The rate of evaporation depends upon many factors like difference in the temperature between the evaporating surface and the air, relative humidity, wind, etc.
- Distillation is a process of separating the component or substances from a mixture of liquid by selective evaporation and condensation.
We see that all these three processes involve soluble substances in the solutions and they can be used in separation.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: It is important to note that, evaporation is a surface phenomenon (i.e. the phenomenon that takes place at the surface) while crystallisation is a bulk phenomenon and crystallization is considered as better than evaporation due to this characteristic.