Question

Cortisone is used for the treatment of inflammation, allergy and arthritis. Which one of the following endocrine glands produces cortisone.
A. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
C. Adrenal
D. Gonads

Answer 1

Hint: The endocrine glands lack ducts and pass their secretions into the surrounding blood for transport to the site of action. They are also called ductless glands. A group of endocrine glands which produces various hormones is called an endocrine system and also known as hormonal system.
The endocrine glands also control long term activities of target organs like growth, development and other physiological activities like lactation, parturition, etc.

Complete answer:
There are various important endocrine glands that are present in the human body- pineal, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads, etc.
Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland located anterior to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx in the neck. The hormones- thyroxine and triiodothyronine secreted by the thyroid follicular cells while thyrocalcitonin is secreted by the C-cells of thyroid gland.
Pancreas is an elongated, yellowish gland that lies inferior to the stomach. Pancreas consists of about 1 to 2 million patches of cells, called islets of Langerhans that consists of four types of hormone secreting cells- Alpha cells secrete glucagon, Beta cells produce insulin, Delta cells secrete somatostatin, Pancreatic Polypeptide cells produce pancreatic polypeptide.
The adrenal glands are paired structures placed on the top of the kidney. There are two regions- external adrenal cortex, internal adrenal medulla. The hormone cortisone is a type of glucocorticoids secreted by adrenal cortex.
Gonads are the mixed organs, which produce gametes as well as hormones. They secrete sex hormones. Testes produce testosterone, ovaries produce estrogen, progesterone, relaxin and actin.

So, the correct answer is option (C) adrenal gland.

Note-
Some glands act as both the type of glands, exocrine as well as endocrine glands. Example – pancreas, testes and ovaries. The secretions of endocrine glands are called hormones. The excess or deficiency of hormones has a harmful effect on our body.
Feedback mechanism controls the timing and amount of hormones released by various glands which are in-built in our body.