Question

Consider the following statements-
(a) Alluvial soil is formed by sediments deposited by rivers.
(b) Black soil is found in the dry and Semi-dry areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
(c) Red soil cannot retain much moisture.
(d) Laterite soil is found over lava deposits in the Deccan.

Which of the above statements are correct?
A (a), (b) and (c)
B (a) and (c)
C (b) and (d)
D None of them

Answer 1

Hint: Soil is a combination of the following elements - organic matter, minerals, water, gas, and organic matter. Soil minerals are further separated by clay, sand, and mud.

Complete answer:
Alluvial soil is found in areas near rivers and streams. It is the result of the deposition of silt and alluvium from mountains and hills near rivers. This type of soil is very fertile in nature and is best suited for planting. Therefore statement A is true.
Black soil is a type of soil rich in metals such as magnesium, aluminum and iron. This soil is enriched with humus and it is found in mountainous regions, the volcanoes, and suburbs. It is very humid which is why statement B is false.
Red soil is a type of soil that occurs in a warm, cool and moist environment. It is found below the deciduous or mixed forest, with a thin layer of organic and organic-mineral resting above it. This type of soil has a low capacity of holding water. Therefore statement C is true.
Laterite is a type of soil rich in aluminum and iron and is predominantly found in tropical, humid, wet areas. Therefore statement D is false.
Hence, the correct statements are (a) and (c)- Option B.

Note: India is a vast land with many different types of soils in various areas. The soils of India are classified into 6 major types- Alluvial, Black, Desert, Laterite, Red, Mountainous, and Forest soils.