Question

Complete failure of the anterior lobe of pituitary causes:
A) Conn's disease
B) Acromegaly
C) Cushing's disease
D) Simmond's disease

Answer 1

Hint > Physiologically, the pituitary has two parts: the anterior lobe also called adenohypophysis, and the posterior lobe called neurohypophysis. The anterior lobe of the pituitary releases somatotropin. It is a polypeptide hormone that promotes growth and stimulates the secretion of IGF-1, and lipolysis inhibits the action of insulin on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
Complete Step-by-step answer:
Cushing’s syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to cortisol. It is caused by excessive cortisol-like medication such as prednisone or a tumor that either produces or results in the production of excessive cortisol by the adrenal glands.
Acromegaly is caused by the overproduction of growth hormones in adults. Because in adults bones are not capable of growth, excessive GH results in enlargement with deformation in bones. It is especially evident in the bones of the jaw, hands, and feet.
Conn’s syndrome is also called primary aldosteronism. It is a rare condition. Overproduction of the aldosterone hormone causes it. It can be treated with medicines and can also be cured by changing lifestyle to control blood pressure and surgeries are also done.
Simmond’s disease occurs due to chronic deficiency of the function of the pituitary gland. It is a form of hypopituitarism leading to atrophy. This disease may result in emaciation and death if it is not treated. It is also called pituitary cachexia. It leads to exhaustion of the hypophysis chiefly the anterior portion. The destruction may be embolic infarction, tumor, or syphilis.
Hence the correct answer is option D.
Note: Pars intermedia ceases to exist as a separate lobe in adult humans but it exists in a fetus and other animals. It was thought to secrete melanocyte-stimulating hormone.