Question

Who coined the term biotechnology.

Answer 1

Hint: Biotechnology is a wide area of biology, connecting the use of living systems and organisms to develop or to make products. Depending upon the tools and applications it frequently overlaps with associated scientific fields.

Complete Answer:
- Biotechnology is technology that uses the biological systems of living organisms or parts of this to build up or create different products. Brewing and baking bread are some of the examples of processes that work within the concept of biotechnology.
- By the development of genetic engineering in the year 1970, research in biotechnology and other associated areas such as medicine, biology etc had developed quickly because of the new opportunity to make changes in the organisms' genetic material that is DNA.
- At present biotechnology covers many different disciplines including genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, etc. Novel technologies and products are developed every year within the areas of medicine,agriculture or industrial biotechnology.

Biotechnology is generally divided into different types:
1. Medical Biotechnology: Medical biotechnology which involves the use of living cells to make technologies for the improvement of human health. Vaccines and antibiotics have also been developed with the use of medical biotechnology which is essential for human health.
2. Agricultural Biotechnology: This field of biotechnology that deals with the development of genetically modified plants by introducing the gene of interest into the plant. Various pest-resistant crops such as Bt-cotton and Bt-brinjal are created by transferring the genes from Bacillus thuringiensis into the plants.

Some of the applications of Biotechnology include the following such as nutrient Supplementation, abiotic Stress, Industrial Biotechnology, strength fibres, biofuels, healthcare. The word biotechnology was coined in 1919 by a Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky. At the time when he introduced the term meant all lines of work by which products are made from raw materials with the support of living organisms.

Note: Biotechnology is the most important for its application in the field of health and medicine. Through the process of genetic engineering scientists can make new medicines. It also helps in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.