Question

Cleistogamous flowers are
A. Wind pollinated
B. Insect pollinated
C. Bird pollinated
D. Self pollinated

Answer 1

Hint: Cleistogamy could be automatic pollination of bound plants that may propagate by mistreatment of non-opening, pollination flowers. particularly acknowledged in peanuts, peas, and pansy this behavior is most widespread within the Gramineae. However, the superior genus of cleistogamous plants is Viola.

Complete answer: The additional common opposite of self-pollination, or "closed marriage", is named chasmogamy, or "open marriage". The principal advantage of self-pollination is that it needs fewer plant resources to provide seeds than will chasmogamy, as a result of the development of petals, nectar, and huge amounts of spore aren’t needed. This potency makes self-pollination notably helpful for seed production on unfavorable sites or adverse conditions. Jewelweed, as an example, has been determined to provide solely self-pollination flowers once being severely broken by grazing and to keep up populations on unfavorable sites with solely self-pollination flowers. The apparent disadvantage of self-pollination is that fertilization happens, which can suppress the creation of genetically superior plants. For genetically changed (GM) oilseed, researchers hoping to minimize the mixture of a gram and non-GM crops try to use self-pollination to forestall sequence flow. However, preliminary results from Co-Extra, a current project among the EU analysis program, show that though self-pollination reduces sequence flow, it's not at the instant a systematically reliable tool for biocontainment; because of a definite instability of the self-pollination attribute, some flowers might open and unharness genetically changed spore.
Hence, the correct answer is option D

Note: Although some plant species possess self-fertilizing chasmogamous flowers, most chasmogamous flowers are cross-pollinated by the organic phenomenon (e.g. insects) or abiotic (e.g. wind) agents in contrast to chasmogamous flowers, cleistogamous flowers stay automatically sealed throughout everything of their development and replica.