Question

Choose the correct statements given below, regarding contraception.

(i) Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), during the first trimester is generally safe.
(ii) Generally chances of conception are nil until mother breast-feeds the infant upto years.
(iii) Intrauterine devices like Copper-T are effective contraceptives.
(iv) Contraception pills may be taken upto 1 week after coitus to prevent conception.

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iii)

Answer 1

Hint: Various contraceptive methods are adopted by people to avoid unwanted pregnancies. These methods include Natural method, barrier method, IUDs, changing hormonal balance of body by taking up pills and surgical methods. These methods may be permanent or temporary. An ideal contraceptive method should be effective with almost zero side effects. Some contraceptive methods prevent sexually transmitted diseases alongwith contraception.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is the voluntary termination of pregnancy before the complete gestation period. MTP is legal in India but strict rules are to be followed to avoid its misuse.
MTPs are done only in certain conditions such as rape or if pregnancy is dangerous to mother and child. Conducting MTP is safe during the first trimester that is 12 weeks and unsafe during the second trimester. So the first statement is true.

Chances of pregnancy are none during the lactation period as ovulation ( release of ovum by one of the ovaries) is absent. This is referred to as Lactational amenorrhea. This is only reliable upto six months of parturition. So the second statement is incorrect.
IUDs like Cu-T are effective as they release Cu ions which suppress the motility and fertilising capacity of sperms. So the third statement is correct.
To avoid conception, oral pills are taken daily for 2 weeks, that is 21 days within the first five days of menstruation period. So the fourth statement is incorrect.

Hence option D is correct.



Note: Around 50 million MTPs are conducted all over the world in a year which helps in controlling the population. Reproductive Child and Healthcare (RCH) programme aims to spread awareness about sex related issues and works to build a reproductively healthy society. Some contraceptive methods provide safety towards sexually transmitted diseases as well.