Question

Cholera is caused by
A. Bacillus mycobacterium
B. Vibrio cholerae
C. Pseudomonas putida
D. Streptococcus cholerace

Answer 1

Hint:- Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection which is caused by an intake of contaminated food and water and it also causes dehydration. Shocks or seizures are rarely seen. It is spread by water usually.

Complete step-by-step solution:-First of all, you should know what cholera is. It is a bacterial disease which is caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and it causes diarrhoea and dehydration. This disease is usually spread in water and it is caused by bacteria Vibrio cholerae.
Let's look at options now, option A is Bacillus mycobacterium. It is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family of mycobacteriaceae. This bacteria is a causative agent of typhoid. Since typhoid is caused by this bacteria, this cannot be the correct option as in the question that bacteria is asked which causes cholera. Therefore, this option is incorrect and it gets eliminated.
Moving to option B which is Vibrio cholerae. It is a gram negative bacteria which is comma-shaped and this bacteria causes cholera. This bacteria gets easily attached to the chitin-containing shells of crabs and other shellfish and they are usually found in brackish or saltwater. Since in the question cholera causing bacteria is asked, therefore this option is the correct one.
Moving to option C which is Pseudomonas putida. It is also a gram negative bacteria and it is rod-shaped and their strains are ubiquitous in soil and water i.e., they are found everywhere in soil and water. It is a causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections but in the questions cholera causing bacteria is asked and therefore, this option is incorrect and it gets eliminated.
Last option D is Streptococcus cholerace. It is a gram positive bacteria which is sphere-shaped and this is a causative agent for sore throat infections but in the questions cholera causing bacteria is asked and therefore, this option is incorrect and it gets eliminated.
Thus, the correct answer is option B which is Vibrio cholerae.

Note:-
There are bacteria which are responsible for many diseases and in the question that bacteria is asked which cause cholera. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae which is gram negative bacteria and it is comma shaped. This bacteria is usually found in salt water and cholera is caused by contaminated water and food.