Question

Checkerboards method of calculation was developed by
(a)Mendel
(b)Bateson
(c)Punnett
(d)Morgan

Answer 1

Hint: The Checkerboard method used to represent gametic fusion and also to determine the genotype of the zygotene. It is named after the British geneticist, who devised the approach. His Mendelism (1905) is said to have been the first textbook on genetics. He along with Bateson co-founded the journal of genetics.

Complete answer:
It was developed by a British geneticist, Reginald C. Punnett. It is a graphical representation to indicate all possible union of gametes during fertilization and to calculate the probability of all possible genotypes of offspring in a genetic cross. The results enable the computation of phenotypic and genotypic ratios. The possible gametes are written on two sides, usually the row and left columns. The gametes of one parent are figuratively written along the top of a series of squares and those of the other parent are written down on the left side. The products of various genetic combinations are written in the appropriate boxes for estimating their relative numbers. All possible combinations of gametes during fertilization are represented in boxes below in the squares, which generates a square output form.

Additional Information: -The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype.
-These tables can be used to examine the genotypic outcome probabilities of the offspring of a single trait, or when crossing multiple traits from the parents.
-The Punnett square is a tabular summary of possible combinations of maternal alleles with paternal alleles. The Punnett square is a visual representation of Mendelian inheritance.
So, the correct option is ‘Punnett’.

Note: -For multiple traits, using the forked-line method is typically much easier than the Punnett square.
-Phenotypes may be predicted with at least better-than-chance accuracy using a Punnett square, but the phenotype that may appear in the presence of a given genotype can in some instances be influenced by many other factors, as when polygenic inheritance or epigenetics is at work.
-Punnett squares are now commonly used to explain the results that Mendel obtained, especially when combined with our current knowledge of DNA, genes, and chromosomes.