Question

Centriole is associated with
(A) DNA synthesis
(B) Reproduction
(C) Spindle formation
(D) Respiration

Answer 1

Hint: Most eukaryotic cells contain centrioles. The main constituent of centriole is a protein known as tubulin protein. Tubulin protein makes microtubules that arrange in a particular manner in the cytoplasm to form a centriole.

Complete answer:
> Centriole is an essential part of the centrosome. The centrosome is not present in most of the higher plants. Two centrioles also known as diplosomes contain centrosomes and are situated just outside the nucleus. These centrioles form a right angle with each other.
> Centrioles are basically membrane-less cylindrical structures. In the transverse section, these centrioles display cartwheel structure.
> Centrioles majorly consist of peripheral triplet fibrils of tubulin. They are nine in number and are evenly spaced. These triplets are joined with A – C linker.
> Central part of the centriole is termed as the Hub. It is a proteinaceous part and is connected with peripheral triplets. This linkage is possible due to proteinaceous radial spokes.
> Centrioles are self-duplicating.
> Centrioles play an important role in the cell division. They help in the arrangement of spindle fibres between two cellular poles. The plane of cell division during the cell division depends upon the location of the centriole.
> Centriole also forms a basal body for cilia and flagella.

Therefore the correct option is (C) Spindle formation.

Note:
As mentioned above, Centriole plays an important part in the division of the cell and as it is composed of tubulin protein, it is used as a major target for many anticancer drugs. Many drugs that are used during chemotherapy involve denaturation of tubulin protein and disruption of microtubule arrangement which in turn stops cell division.