Question

Capsule is a kind of ________________ fruit.
A) Simple, dry and dehiscent
B) Simple, dry and indehiscent
C) An aggregate
D) Simple and fleshy

Answer 1

Hint:Fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which angiosperms disseminate seeds.

Complete Answer:
A fruit is a fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a flowering plant which encloses seed or seeds. The main purpose of fruit formation is the scattering of seeds. There are three major categories of fruit- dry dehiscent, dry indehiscent and fleshy fruits.
Capsule is a type of fruit produced by many species of angiosperms (flowering plants). The capsule is produced from a compound/ multi carpel ovary. The locules contain the seeds that are separated by septa.
Dehiscence is the phenomenon of splitting of a fruit, another or sporangia at maturity, along a line on the plant to release its contents. The fruit undergoes dehiscence so that the seed can be released. They are released by:
Pore formation ( Poricidal capsules ): The seed fallout from the pores when the plant moves due to wind. Example, Poppy.
Through the valves/ valvular ( Septicidal capsules ): Rupture takes place from the junction between the two valves. Example: Okra and cotton.
At the sutures ( Loculicidal capsule ): Longitudinal lines of rupture are aligned at the locules, along the midrib or dorsal suture of the locules. Example, members of Liliaceae.
Around the circumference( Circumscissile capsule ): Forms a terminal lid that opens. The dehiscence line is transverse such that the upper part of the capsule ruptures. Example, Plantago.
Capsules are also dry fruit i.e. the coat becomes dry at maturity. They are rarely fleshy and are the most common and simple fruit. Example, Datura, Mahogany etc.

Hence, the correct option is option A, ‘Simple, dry and dehiscent”.

Note:Capsules are often classified into four types, depending on the type and location of dehiscence.
>Loculicidal capsules
>Septicidal capsules
>Circumscissile capsules
>Poricidal capsules