Question

Why do capacitors oppose change in velocity?

Answer 1

Hint: In order to answer this question, we will discuss the reasons behind why capacitors oppose the change in velocity. And then we will also discuss the situation when the voltage across the capacitor decreases. And then we will discuss the capacitor.

Complete answer:
At high AC frequencies, the current changes direction quickly but the voltage across the capacitor doesn’t change quickly because the capacitor doesn’t have enough time to discharge fully.
Capacitors have a strong resistance to voltage drops. When the voltage across a capacitor is increased or decreased, the capacitor "resists" the change by drawing current from or giving current to the voltage change's source. The voltage across a capacitor must be increased to store additional energy.
When the voltage across a capacitor is reduced, the capacitor acts as a power source, supplying current to the rest of the circuit. The capacitor is considered to be discharging in this state. As energy is released to the rest of the circuit, its energy store—held in the electric field—decreases.
A capacitor is an electrical energy storage device that operates in an electric field. It's a two-terminal passive electrical component. Capacitance is the term used to describe the effect of a capacitor. While there is some capacitance between any two electrical conductors in close proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component that is specifically designed to add capacitance to a circuit.
Electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors), on the other hand, are made up of two electrodes coupled by an electrolyte and separated by an ion-permeable membrane (separator). Energy is stored as a mixture of double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance within the double-layers of both electrodes.

Note: When the voltage across a capacitor is increased, the capacitor responds by drawing current as it charges. As a result, the supply voltage will tend to drop back to where it was earlier. That's assuming that your voltage source has a non-zero internal resistance.