Question

What is called “black gold”?
(Hydrocarbons, coal, petroleum, ether)

Answer 1

Hint: Fossil fuels consist primarily of hydrocarbons such as coal or natural gas. The black gold is a naturally occurring liquid that is refined into fuel. It is used as a duel in vehicles.

Complete step by step answer: Petroleum is also called black gold because of a variety of reasons such as the colour that can be seen after it is extracted from the reservoir, high worth and since sources are very less and confined to only certain geographical areas. These are the three reasons why petroleum is considered as black gold. It is formed from the decomposition of organic matter that got deposited millions of years ago. Petroleum is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, primarily zooplankton and algae; underneath sedimentary rock are subjected to intense heat and pressure.
Considering the other given options
i. Hydrocarbons: These compounds form the basis of crude oil, coal and natural gas deposits. They are naturally occurring compounds. These are considered as one of the most common energy sources. It is a highly effective source of energy. Since these compounds are a major source of environmental pollution on its combustion, alternate energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and water energy are used as substitutes in many areas.
ii. Coal: It is a very hard rock like mineral, on burning it functions as a fuel. It is composed of carbon. The mineral is formed from the remains of plants deposited under the earth over a long period of time by the effect of the pressure of the rocks that are deposited over it. The combustion of coal can also contribute to environmental pollution.
iii. Ether: Ethers, especially Di-Methyl Ether, in particular, can be considered fuel which is non-toxic, clean-burning and renewable. It is a relatively inexpensive fuel source. It is produced from biogas formed from organic waste materials. It is more affordable than traditional diesel fuel.

Note: Energy sources containing fossil fuels are non-renewable and are pollution causing combustion. Alternate energy sources have been considered to protect the environment. Renewable energy sources are considered to be sustainable as it arises from inexhaustible sources such as water, wind and sun, and it is of natural origin.