Question

Both Hemophilia and Thalassemia are blood related disorders in humans. Write their causes and the difference between the two. Name the category of genetic disorder they both come under.

Answer 1

Hint: Hemophilia and thalassemia are blood disorders that are inherited from parents to their offsprings but they differ in the location of their genes in which the mutation has occurred whether it is present on the sex chromosome or autosome.

Complete answer:
-Hemophilia
Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder as the gene that encodes for clotting factor proteins is located on the X-chromosome.
Cause: It is caused due to mutation in one of the genes that are responsible for providing instructions to make the clotting factor proteins that are needed to form a blood clot. Thus, a mutation in this gene can retard the ability of a person to clot the blood due to a lack of clotting factors.

-Thalassemia
Thalassemia is an autosome-linked recessive blood disease.
Cause: It is caused due to either abnormal or lack of hemoglobin in red blood cells. It is due to the mutation or deletion that results in the reduced rate of synthesis of one of the globin chains of hemoglobin.
Both hemophilia and thalassemia are inherited genetic disorders but these diseases differ in some aspects which are listed below:

Hemophilia	Thalassemia
X-linked recessive disorder.	Autosome-linked recessive disorder.
Clotting factors are lacking.	Hemoglobin is lacking.
Blood clotting is affected.	Anemia is the characteristic of this disease.

Note: Both hemophilia and thalassemia being inherited blood diseases differ in their root cause i.e., hemophilia is caused by a lack of clotting factor proteins while thalassemia is caused by lack of hemoglobin. Hemophilia mostly affects the male population while thalassemia affects both the populations i.e., male and female.