Question

Blood grouping was discovered by
A) William Harvey
B) Robert Koch
C) Landsteiner
D) Louis Pasteur

Answer 1

Hint: The human blood grouping system is of ABO type which was discovered by mixing the red blood cells with the serum. It was discovered in the year 1900 by an Austrian biologist who is also known for isolating the poliovirus.

Complete answer:
Option (A): William Harvey was an English physician who is known for the discovery of blood circulation. He also showed that the arteries and the veins form a complete circuit and this circuit starts from the heart and leads back towards the heart.
Option (B): Robert Koch was a German physician and microbiologist who is one of the main founders of modern bacteriology. He is known for identifying specific causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax.
Option (C): Karl Landsteiner was an Austrian biologist, physician, and immunologist who distinguished the main blood groups of humans in 1900. Thus, he discovered the blood grouping by mixing the red blood cells and serum of each of his staff. He demonstrated that the serum of some people agglutinated (clumped) the red blood cells of the other.
Option (D):Louis Pasteur, who discovered the concepts of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization; was a French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Note: Karl Landsteiner discovered blood grouping and is also known as the “father of blood grouping and immunology”. Human blood groups are of four types i.e., A, B, O, and AB type. The individuals having an O-type blood group are known as universal donors while the individuals having an AB-type blood group are known as universal acceptors.