Question

Binomial nomenclature was introduced by:
A. John Ray
B. Aristotle
C. A.P. de Candolle
D. Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 1

Hint:-Binomial nomenclature is a system in which two terms are used for naming species in the living organism. The first term or name represents the genus and the second term or name represents species.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Nomenclature is the science in which distinct and proper names are given to the living organisms. It is divided into two types: -
- Common name
- Scientific name
Common names are given to the living organisms in the local languages in the specific area.
 For example: - Sparrow or Gauriya.
Scientific names are unique and given in the Latin language and it can be understood universally.
For example: - Passer domesticus (house sparrow)
The most commonly used nomenclature in the scientific naming system is binomial nomenclature.
Binomial nomenclature was firstly proposed by Carolus Linnaeus. He described 5900 species of plants in the book “Species Plantarum” and 4326 species of animals in the book “Systema Naturae”.
Rules for providing binomial nomenclature to the living organisms are:
- The generic name starts with a capital letter and the specific name with the small letter. For example-: Pisum sativum.
- The scientific name of the species in printed form should be in italics and it should be underlined separately while writing.
- The name of the scientist, who first proposed the nomenclature of the organism, should be written shortly after the species name.
e.g.- Mangifera indica Linn.
- According to binomial nomenclature, the name should be short, precise and can be easily pronounced.
- The tautonyms are not valid in plant nomenclature, i.e.- the generic and specific names should not be the same in plant nomenclature.
e.g.- Solanum tuberosum
- In animal nomenclature, tautonyms are valid.
e.g.- Naja naja, Rattus rattus
So, the correct answer is option (d) Carolus Linnaeus.

Additional Information: The binomial nomenclature is governed by several codes, which are as follows:
- ICBN- International Code for Botanical Nomenclature
- ICZN- International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
- ICNB- International Code for Nomenclature of Bacteria
- ICVN- International Code of Viral Nomenclature
- ICNCP- International Code for Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants

Note:- John Ray coined the term species and they describe more than 18,000 plants and animals. Aristotle is known as Father of Biology and that of Zoology. A.P. de Candolle worked on taxonomy.