Question

Based on the compounds of group 15 elements, the correct statement(s) is (are):
A.\[B{i_2}{O_5}\] is more basic than \[{N_2}{O_5}\]
B.\[N{F_3}\] is more covalent than\[\;Bi{F_3}\]
C.\[P{H_3}\] boils at a lower temperature than \[N{H_{_3}}\]
D.The \[N - N\]single bond is stronger than the \[P - P\] single bond

Answer 1

Hint: To answer this question, you should recall the formation of the periodic table. Group 15 elements are also known as the Nitrogen family which includes the elements: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.

Complete step by step answer:
As you move down a group, starting with the lightest element and finishing with the heavy ones; you would notice a general flow in properties as you move down the order.
For example, Nitrogen is a gas and non-metal but as you move down the group, we encounter metalloids and then at the bottom, metal i.e. Bismuth.
Let us analyze the options systematically:
(A) \[B{i_2}{O_5}\] ​ is metallic oxide but \[{N_2}{O_5}\] ​ is a non-metallic oxide, therefore, \[B{i_2}{O_5}\] ​ is basic but \[{N_2}{O_5}\] ​ is acidic.
(B) In \[N{F_3}\] ​, \[{\text{N}}\] and \[{\text{F}}\] are non-metals but \[Bi{F_3},{\text{ Bi}}\] is metal but F is not metal, therefore, \[N{F_3}\] ​ is more covalent than \[\;Bi{F_3}\]
(C) In \[P{H_3}\;\] hydrogen bonding is absent but in \[N{H_3}\] ​ hydrogen bonding is present therefore \[P{H_3}\] ​ boils at a lower temperature than \[N{H_3}\]​.
(D) Due to small size in \[N - N\;\] single bond \[2p - 2p\;\]repulsion is more than \[P - P\;\] single bond therefore \[N - N\;\] single bond is weaker than the \[P - P\;\] single bond.

Hence, option A, B and C are correct.

Note:
There are 4 blocks in the periodic table: s-block, p-block, d-block and f-block. All of the s-block elements are metals. Usually, they are shiny, silvery, good conductors of heat and electricity, and lose their valence electrons easily. The p-block due to its ability to accommodate a large number of electrons has the biggest variety of elements and is the only block that contains three types of elements: metals, nonmetals and metalloids. d-block elements have properties that are between s-block elements and p-block elements properties. It consists of transition metals. The f-block elements are mostly radioactive.