Question

AUG initiation codon occurs over:
A. 3’ end of mRNA
B. 5’ end of mRNA
C. Short arm of tRNA
D. Long arm of tRNA

Answer 1

Hint: A DNA or RNA molecule's three following nucleotides that codes for a certain amino acid. Codons can be used to indicate the beginning or finish of a translation.

Complete step by step solution:
A codon is a group of three nucleotides that can be found in either DNA or RNA and codes for a particular amino acid in a polypeptide chain. A codon is a genetic sequence of three bases that enables the translation of genetic material into an amino acid chain (or protein.) The four nucleotides A, T/U, G, and C are arranged in three-letter combinations to form the 64 codons. Twenty amino acids and three stop codons are represented by the 64 codons.
The sequence AUG, which designates the amino acid methionine, is an illustration of a codon. Every messenger RNA (mRNA) begins with the AUG codon, which not only codes for the amino acid methionine but also denotes the beginning of a protein. A codon is a group of three nucleotides, or triplets, found on mRNA that, when translated, codes for a particular amino acid. An anticodon is a three-nucleotide sequence found on tRNA that interacts with the complementary sequence found on mRNA to form a bond.
A stop codon is a triplet of nucleotides that is present on mRNA and stops both protein production and translation. These don't include any amino acid coding. Three stop codons are present: UAG, UGA, and UAA. Because UAA, UAG, and UGA are termination codons in mRNA and AUG is the commencement codon, polypeptide cannot be produced past any of these triplets to the end of mRNA. Initiation codon is present towards the 5' end of Mrna.
So, option (B) is correct.

Note:
A, C, T, and G are the four nucleotides that make up DNA, whereas 20 amino acids are used to make proteins. Codons are triplets of nucleotides that specify amino acids. Therefore, a minimum of 3 base pairs are needed for the 4 nucleotides to account for all 20 amino acids.