Question

Assertion: In syngenesious stamen, the filaments are fused and the anther free.
Reason: In anhydrous stamen, both filaments and anthers are fused.
A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
B. If both the assertion and the reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
C. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
D. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer 1

Hint:-The male reproductive part of the flower is called the stamen. The basic structure of the stamen includes the presence of bilobed anther which has pollen grains in it and a stalk-like structure known as filament. The filaments and the anthers may be present in the fused form or the free form.

Complete Answer:-
The structure of the stamen which is the male reproductive part of the flower consists of a bilobed anther which has pollen grains in it and a stalk-like structure known as filament. The filament holds the anther at its one end and by the other end, it is attached to the flower.
The syngenesious stamen are the stamens which have their anthers joined in a tube but have free filaments present. This condition can be seen in the families of Myrtaceae, Bombacaceae, Rutaceae etc. The anthers form a tube which encloses the style and stigma of the pistil. The stamens present in this condition are epipetalous in nature.
A condition where both the filaments and anthers are fused is known as the synandrous condition. They are fused to form a group in their entire length. When the filaments are present in the fused condition in a group of two or more, such a condition is known as the polyadelphous condition. In this condition the anthers are free.

So, the answer is option D, ‘If both the assertion and the reason are false’.

Note:- The stamen has the presence of anther, connective and a filament. In different flowers, it may be present in different forms. It may appear fused to the petals or may be separate from the petals. The stamens may be fused or may be present in groups in the flower.