Question

Asexual method of reproduction by binary fission is common to which of the following?
(i) Some eukaryotes
(ii) All eukaryotes
(iii) Some prokaryotes
(iv) All prokaryotes

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (i) and (iv)
D. (iii) and (iv)

Answer 1

Hint:-Reproduction is a biological process that occurs in all organisms and this reproduction is of 2 types and they are sexual and asexual reproduction, in sexual reproduction, there is the involvement of 2 parents, while asexual, no involvement of 2 parents or gametes.

Complete answer:
1. There are so many types of asexual reproduction that are there, such as binary fission, budding, fragmentation seen in various organisms.
2. At the same, there are two types of organisms such as prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
3. Where prokaryotes are the primitive and unicellular organism, where do not have any proper nucleus, and they have DNA molecule instead which is called as nucleolus and they lack most of the organelles, and the organelles are not membrane-bound. And all are covered by the cell membrane.
4. Whereas eukaryotes are more evolved and they have a nucleus and all membrane-bound cell organelles, etc.
5. When coming to the reproduction, all prokaryotes have the only type of reproduction, that is asexual, and most of the time it is binary fission.
6. While coming eukaryotes, most eukaryotes undergo sexual reproduction, where only a few might go for asexual reproduction such as binary fission.
7. Binary fission is the process where one organism divides into two daughter ones, before the process takes place the genetic material undergoes duplication and it divides into two DNA or genetic material.
8. Then cell growth takes place, after duplication of DNA, then the first segregation of DNA takes place, later cytoplasm, which is called cytokinesis and later cell undergoes segregation and is completely divided into two cells.
9. Some of the examples for binary fission, paramecium, euglena, etc.
10. So in all prokaryotes and some eukaryotes, binary fission takes place.
So, the correct option is C.

Note:- Fission is of two types like binary fission and multiple fission, as we know that binary fission is the division of one organism or cell into two, while multiple fission is the division of an organism into multiple new cells or new daughter cells, example: plasmodium.