Question

Arsenic based antibiotic is:-
(A) Azodye
(B) Prontosil
(C) Salvarsan
(D) Sulphapyridine

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that an antibiotic is a kind of antimicrobial substance which actively fights against bacterias. It is also the most important type of antibacterial agent used for fighting bacterial infections and is widely used in the treatment as well as prevention of such infections. So here we have to tell the antibiotic which is composed of arsenic elements.

Complete answer:
Let us discuss about antibiotics and involvement of arsenic element in it as follows:-
Antibiotics: It is an antimicrobial substance which actively fights against bacterias. It is one of the most important types of antibacterial agent used for fighting bacterial infections and is also widely used in the treatment as well as prevention of such infections. These are effective against most of the infections which include bacterial, fungal or parasitic infections. But these are not very effective against viral infections.
-A German scientist named Paul Ehrlich investigated arsenic-based medical compounds so as to produce less toxic substances for the treatment of syphilis. It occurs as a small open sore which later spreads as rashes all over the body which may get severe if it attacks the central nervous system. So, usually arsenic-based antibiotics are used to treat this disease.
-Now let us discuss about each of the given compounds as follows:-
(A) Azodye: These are the organic compounds which are an important family of azo compounds (Compounds containing $C-N=N-C$ linkage). These are widely used to treat textiles, foods and some leather articles as well. Therefore this is not an antibiotic.
(B) Prontosil: It is an antibacterial drug which is composed of a sulfonamide group. It mainly shows effect against gram-positive cocci. Hence, it is not an arsenic-based antibiotic.
(C) Salvarsan: It is commonly known as arsphenamine or compound 606 which is an antimicrobial agent. It is an organoarsenic compound which is used for the effective treatment of syphilis and trypanosomiasis. So it is an arsenic-based antibiotic.
(D) Sulphapyridine: It is an antibacterial medication used to treat minor infections and also used as veterinary medicine. It is a compound of pyridine rings with sulphur atoms. Thus it is not an antibiotic composed of arsenic as well.

Therefore the arsenic-based antibiotic is (C) Salvarsan.

Note:
-Try to learn and understand important pharmaceutical compounds and their properties along with the compound or element they are composed of to solve these types of questions.
-Also remember that arsenic drugs treat syphilis by affecting spirochete bacteria which causes this disease.