Question

What are two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids?

Answer 1

Hint: We must understand that a nitrogen-containing molecule with base-like chemical properties are said to be nitrogenous bases. Nucleic acids are chemical substances that occur naturally. They can be broken down to produce sugars, phosphoric acid, and some organic bases’ mixture. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two primary types of nucleic acids (RNA). We can keep in mind that the bases within each nucleic acid are classified into the necessary types.

Complete answer:
Firstly let us talk about what nitrogenous bases and nucleic acids are, then we will move on to understanding the types of bases there in nucleic acids.
We know that a nitrogen-containing molecule with base-like chemical properties are said to be nitrogenous bases. On the other hand nucleic acids are the cell's key molecules that transmit information, and they are the ones who are able to decide any of the living thing's inherited characteristics by controlling the process of protein synthesis.

Guanine (G), Adenine (A), cytosine (C) and thymine (T) are the nitrogenous bases in DNA nucleotides. In a similar way, with one base excluded from that of DNA bases and a new one being added here, the nitrogenous bases in RNA nucleotides are: guanine (G), adenine (A), cytosine (C) and uracil (U).

Remember that ‘purines’ are basically the classification of the bases guanine and adenine. Purines have two carbon-nitrogen rings representing their base structure. Also, ‘pyrimidines’, which have a single carbon-nitrogen ring as their primary structure, are the classification of the other bases thymine, cytosine, and uracil.

So to specify; Purines (for guanine and adenine) and pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) are the two forms of nitrogenous bases that are present within nucleic acids.

Note: If we consider the way in which the bonding of the aforementioned bases happen, they can be in this way;
- Let us understand that from the two bases a pyrimidine and a purine can form a strong hydrogen bond.
- That is; adenine often forms two hydrogen bonds with uracil (in RNA) or thymine (in DNA).
- Guanine and cytosine will still bind together.
- It's worth noting that bonding can also occur in the opposite direction from the ones given above.