Question

What are the causes and symptoms of malaria, chicken pox and tuberculosis? How can these diseases be prevented?

Answer 1

Hint: Malaria is disease which is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. It can be transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The malaria severity varies based upon the species of Plasmodium. Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral infection that causes an itchy, blister-like rash on the skin. This disease is highly contagious to those who haven’t had the disease before or been vaccinated against the disease. Tuberculosis is a potentially serious infectious bacterial disease which mainly affects the lungs.

Complete answer:
Malaria: A mosquito-borne infectious disease which affects humans and other animals. Symptoms of malaria include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. It can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death in severe cases. Usually, the symptoms begin days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. A single-celled microorganism of the Plasmodium group causes malaria.
Causes: Plasmodium spread by mosquitoes
Symptoms: Fever, vomiting, headache, yellow skin
Prevention: Mosquito nets, insect repellent, mosquito control, medications
Chicken pox: Also known as varicella, chicken pox is one of the highly contagious diseases which is caused by initial infection with varicella zoster virus. Chicken pox results in a characteristic skin rash which forms small and itchy blisters, which eventually scab over.
Causes: Varicella zoster virus
Symptoms: small, itchy blisters, a headache, a loss of appetite, exhaustion, and a fever.
Prevention: Varicella vaccine
Tuberculosis: An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria is known as tuberculosis disease (TB). This disease generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Latent tuberculosis is the case when most infections show no symptoms.
Causes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Symptoms: Chronic cough, fever, cough with blood in mucus and weight loss
Prevention: Screening those at high risk, treatment of infected ones, vaccination with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)

Note:
Tuberculosis is treated using antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, the effective treatment of TB is difficult. The mycobacterial cell wall hinders the entry of drugs and makes most antibiotics ineffective. Antimalarial medications are used to treat malaria. The drug used will depend upon the type and severity of the disease. In tuberculosis, the treatment mainly consists of easing the symptoms.