Question

What are names of aquatic biomes ?
A. Marine and freshwater
B. Oceans and lakes
C. Seas and streams
D. Streams and ice caps

Answer 1

Hint: Biome is a level of biological organisation studied under ecology where in which we study population interactions among organisms and between the organism and its physical abiotic environment.

Complete Answer:
When we study various levels of organisation, we realise that the entire biosphere is made up of many small units called atoms. In the biosphere, there are populations existing for various species which together interact and form the basis of life on earth.

The formation of biosphere is as follows:
Atoms -> molecules -> biomolecules -> subcellular structure -> living cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism -> population -> biological community -> ecosystem -> landscape-> biome -> biosphere.
- The study of interaction among organisms and between the organism and its physical abiotic organism is called ecology, it is studied at various levels of organisation like, organismic level, population, communities and biome.
- Regions around the world which have similar climate, weather, temperature, plants and animals are called biomes. The plant and animal groups are adapted to that particular environment.
- There are two types of biomes as aquatic and terrestrial, aquatic biome includes the fresh water and the marine biome depending on the water salinity. Largest earth’s aquatic ecosystem is marine.
- The salt concentration in seawater is 30 – 35 parts per thousand which is measured as its salinity and that in fresh water is less than 5 parts per thousand. The salinity reaches to greater than 100 in the hypersaline lagoon.
- We include salt marshes, intertidal zones, mangrove, lagoons, estuaries, coral reefs and deep sea under aquatic biomes or aquatic ecosystems. The climate there supports large aquatic life.
- Within each biome, regional and local variations lead to the formation of a wide variety of habitats. Mainly temperature, water, light and soil lead to so much variation in the biome of which temperature is the most important environmental factor.

Hence the correct answer is option A.

Note: The organisms which are tolerant to a wide range of salinities are called as euryhaline and the one which are tolerant to narrow ranges of salinities are called stenohaline.
Similarly , the organisms which are tolerant to a wide range of temperatures are called eurythermal and the one which are tolerant to narrow ranges of temperatures are called stenothermal.