Question

How are most eukaryotic genes controlled?

Answer 1

Hint: Expressions of genes in eukaryotes are controlled by genes known as regulator genes. In eukaryotic genes are present on chromosomes inside the nucleus.

Complete answer:
Gene regulation takes place based on the requirement of the cell and the state of development, therefore this type of mechanism is also known as switching off and switching on the mechanism of genes. It is of two types, negative gene regulation and positive gene regulation. Negative gene regulation expresses itself till its activity gets suppressed therefore it is also known as repressible regulation. In positive gene regulation, the gene remains I expressed until they used to do some work or until they were induced to do work. Therefore it is also known as inducible regulation.
Gene regulation takes place at four levels, first transcriptional level where primary transcript formed, second processing level where splicing and terminal additions are made, third transport where transportation of mRNA from the nucleus to cytoplasm takes place and last is the translational level where the formation of protein synthesis takes place. In gene regulation lastly, protein gets synthesised in nearly 5-10 molecules while the remaining are form more than 100,000 molecules per cell.

Note:
Genes are of two types one is housekeeping and another is regulated genes. Housekeeping is also known as constituting genes and these genes are those which continuously express themselves in the cells because their product is always required by the body.