Question

Aqueous solutions of $HN{O_3}$, $KOH,C{H_3}COOH$ and $C{H_3}COONa$ of identical concentrations are provided. The pair(s) of solutions which form a buffer upon mixing is/are-
(This question has multiple correct options)
a.) $HN{O_3}$ and $C{H_3}COOH$
b.) $KOH$ and $C{H_3}COONa$
c.) $HN{O_3}$ and $C{H_3}COONa$
d.) $C{H_3}COOH$ and $C{H_3}COONa$

Answer 1

Hint: An aqueous solution composed of a combination of weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa is a buffer solution (precisely a pH buffer or a hydrogen ion buffer). If a significant volume of solid acid or base is applied, the pH shifts very little. In different chemical applications, buffer solutions are used to preserve pH at an almost constant value. There are several structures in nature which use pH balance buffers. For one, the pH of blood is controlled using the bicarbonate buffering method.

Complete step-by-step answer:
A pH-value tolerant solution is considered a buffer solution if a limited quantity of strong acid or base (less than 1% is added) or if a solution is diluted.
Specific solution buffer: a simple solution buffer consists of a combination with a thin base and heavy acid water. A mixture of $N{H_4}OH$ and $N{H_4}Cl$ is the best recognized case.
The acid buffer: an acid buffer solution composed of a solid, powerful base salt solution. acid buffer solution. A mixture of an acetic acid solution and its salt with a solid base is the best recognized case. Hence, we can say that option-C and option-D are buffer solutions which makes them the correct option.

Note: Buffering agents are used in manufacturing in fermentation processes and in the establishment of suitable conditions for dyes used in colouring textiles. This is also used in chemical analysis and pH meter adjustment. With anything the solution can include, the pH of a solution containing a buffering agent may differ only across a narrow range.