Question

Antibody formation and immunity production by globulin protein is found in
A. Haemoglobin of RBCs
B. Blood platelets
C. Plasma
D. Cytoplasm of RBCs

Answer 1

Hint: Immunity: It is defined as resistance exhibited by the host against any foreign antigen including micro orgasms.
Immunity is mainly of two types:
- Innate immunity.
- Acquired immunity.
Acquired immunity is further of two types:
- Active immunity.
- Passive immunity.

Complete answer:
Antigen: It is a molecule expressed by bacteria or virus which when introduced into a body evokes an immune response to produce a specific antibody and combine with them.

Antibody: It is a substance which is formed in the serum and tissue fluids in response to an antigen. Five immunoglobulin present in human sera is:
- IgG
- IgM
- IgA
- IgD
- IgE

Antigen and antibody reaction: Antigen combines with its specific antibody in an observable manner and the reaction between antigen and antibody is specific.

Globulins are proteins present in blood. They are made in the liver by the body's immune system. Globulins play an important role in
- Liver function
- Blood clotting
- Fighting infection.

An antibody is produced by plasma cells. This plasma cell or plasma B cells are white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies. Plasma cell originates in the bone marrow. B cell differentiates into a plasma cell that produces antibody molecules. These are further transported by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system. Once these are released into the blood and lymph, they bind to the target antigen and initiate its neutralization or destruction.

Hence, The correct answer is option (C).

Note: Hypersensitivity refers to a condition in which immune response results in excessive reactions leading to tissue damage, disease or even death in the sensitized host.
Coomb and Gel in 1963 classifies hypersensitivity into four major types:
- Type 1: Anaphylactic
- Type 2: Cytotoxic
- Type 3: Immune complex
- Type 4: Delayed or cell mediated.