Question

Answer the basis of your understanding of the following paragraph and the related studied concepts. Renewable energy sources such as wind energy are vital for the Indian economy, not only from the point of view of supply, but also from the perspective of environmental and social benefits. India is the world’s fifth largest wind-power producer and the largest windmill facilities in India are installed in Tamil Nadu. Muppandal is a small village of Tamil Nadu and one of the most important sites of wind-farm in the state. It uses wind from the Arabian Sea to produce renewable energy. The suitability of Muppandal as a site for wind farms stems from its geographical location as it has access to the seasonal monsoon winds. The electrical generators used on wind turbines in sites like Muppandal, produce an output AC of $240 V$ and a frequency of $50 Hz$ even when the wind speed is fluctuating. A Central Board of Secondary Education transformer may be required to increase or decrease the voltage so it is compatible with the end usage, distribution or transmission voltage, depending on the type of interconnection.
(a) State the principle behind electric generators.
(b) The output frequency of a wind turbine is $50 Hz$. What is meant by this statement?
(c) Why do you think Muppandal is at an advantageous position for this project?

Answer 1

Hint: Michael Faraday discovered the law of electromagnetic Induction. It is utilized in creating electric generators and transformers now. Electromagnetic Induction is the generation of voltage when an electrical conductor moves through stationary magnetic field lines or a dynamic magnetic field. The voltage generated is called a produced electromotive force. The frequency of a wind turbine is $50 Hz$ . So, it indicates the in one second, the turbine turns $50$ times. The rotation of the turbine is $50$ times per second. Muppandal is a support area because this area is too breezy most of the time.

Complete step-by-step solution:
a) An electric generator is a motor that changes mechanical energy into electrical energy. Then the current is produced in the conductor. The generator is used to generate electric current. The electric current can be - AC or DC. Note: Whenever an Electric Generator is introduced, we will understand it is an AC Generator.
The motive after an electric generator is Electromagnetic Induction- generating current in a coil by turning the magnetic field compared with it. Electromagnetic Induction is a current generated because of voltage generation due to a dynamic magnetic field. This occurs when a conductor is located in a changing magnetic field or when a conductor is continually moving in a fixed magnetic field.
b) The polarity of the output AC varies every $\dfrac{1}{100}$ seconds. In $1$ second, the AC performs $50$ cycles.
$50$ Hz of frequency of the turbine represents the speed of the turbine.
c) Muppandal as a situation for wind farms originates from its geographical location as it has a passage to the seasonal monsoon winds. It is a place to suitably form windmills, in Muppandal electrical generators used on wind turbines. The Muppandal Wind Farm is India's most significant operational onshore wind farm. This project is located in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu.

Note: Faraday’s Laws of EMI:
Whenever the magnetic flux is combined with circuit variations, a generated emf is produced. The produced emf lasts so long spun as the difference in magnetic flux remains. The magnitude of generated emf is directly proportionate to the rate of alter in magnetic flux.