Question

An abnormal production of Anti diabetic hormone could result from a dysfunction of
A. Hypothalamus
B. Choroid plexus
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Reticular activation system

Answer 1

Hint: Antidiuretic hormone is also called vasopressin. It is a biochemical hormone which is produced in our brain and is responsible for producing concentrated urine by reabsorbing the water from the latter parts of nephron.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Any change in body volume, body fluid and ionic concentration activated osmoreceptors. These receptors when activated stimulates the hypothalamus of our brain to secrete antidiuretic hormone (also called vasopressin) which facilitates the reabsorption of water from the tubular region of the nephron and thereby producing concentrated urine by decreasing the amount of water. Thus ADH prevents diuresis.

If hypothalamus starts dysfunctioning, it will result in an abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
A complex network of capillaries that are lined by specialized cells are called choroid plexus. It produces cerebrospinal fluid. If choroid plexus starts dysfunctioning and produces too much cerebrospinal fluid, then it may cause choroid plexus tumor and increase the pressure within the skull.

Medulla oblongata is a part of the hindbrain and passes messages between the spinal cord and brain. It regulates cardiovascular and respiratory system, so if it gets damaged it leads to respiratory failure, paralysis or loss of sensation.

Thus, the correct answer is option A:- Hypothalamus.

Note: An abnormal secretion of ADH in blood will cause many problems. If the problem is acute or at an early stage, it may cause headache, vomiting or nausea. In severe cases, it may cause seizures or coma etc. Mental changes such as confusion, memory problems, strange behaviour can also be observed in a person having too much of ADH in blood.