Question

Amino acid sequence in protein synthesis is determined by the sequence of
(a)rDNA
(b)tDNA
(c)mRNA
(d)cDNA

Answer 1

Hint: It is a single-stranded molecule of RNA complementary to one of a gene's DNA strands. The gene that leaves the cell nucleus and travels to the cytoplasm where proteins are made is an RNA variant of the gene.

Complete answer:
The amino acid sequence of one or more polypeptides is defined by messenger RNAs (mRNAs); a set of three nucleotides forms a codon that specifies a particular amino acid in turn. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) read the genetic information present in the mRNA in the form of triplets and transfer the suitable amino acid during protein synthesis to a growing polypeptide chain. Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are ribosome structural constituents that provide the protein synthesis site. The DNA synthesized using the RNA template is referred to as cDNA or ancillary DNA. RNA retroviruses have a reverse transcriptase enzyme that synthesizes viral RNA copies of DNA (cDNA).

Additional Information:
Recombinant DNA molecules are DNA molecules created by genetic recombination laboratory techniques to put together multi-source genetic material, producing sequences that may not otherwise be present in the genome.
Transfer DNA (T-DNA abbreviation) is the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid transferred DNA of certain bacterial organisms such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes (actually Ri plasmid). T-DNA is passed from bacteria into the nuclear DNA genome of the host plant.
In genetics, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase, complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA synthesized from a single-stranded RNA (e.g., messenger RNA (mRNA) or microRNA (miRNA)) template. For cloning eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes, cDNA is also used.
So, the correct answer is ‘mRNA’.

Note: The molecule which carries the message contained in DNA to the ribosome is mRNA. mRNA is important because, within our cell nucleus, which is the position within the cell where DNA is located, ribosomes cannot enter the DNA. DNA is made from bases called molecules.