Question

Aluminium chloride exists as dimer $\left( {A{l_2}C{l_6}} \right)$ in the solid state as well as in solution anhydrous aluminum chloride is hydrolyzed partly with the moisture in the atmosphere to give $HCl$ gas. The $HCl$ combined with the moisture in the air appears white in color of non-polar solvents such as benzene. When dissolved in water, it gives,
A)${\left[ {Al{{\left( {OH} \right)}_6}} \right]^{3 - }} + 3HCl$
B)${\left[ {Al{{\left( {{H_2}O} \right)}_6}} \right]^{3 + }} + 3HCl$
C)$A{l^{3 + }} + 3C{l^ - }$
D)$A{l_2}{O_3} + 6HCl$

Answer 1

Hint:We know Aluminium chloride is also mentioned as aluminium trichloride or aluminium (III) chloride. The compound is made when aluminium and chlorine are reacted together. Its formula is written as \[\;AlC{l_3}\].

Complete step by step answer:
We must remember that industrially, aluminum chloride is employed within the production of aluminium metal, but it also features a wide number of uses within the industry particularly as a Lewis acid. Solid aluminum chloride \[\left( {AlC{l_3}} \right)\] is covalently bonded with low melting also as boiling point.
In solid-state \[AlC{l_3}\]features a cubic close-packed layered structure. During this case, its coordination geometry is going to be octahedral. When aluminum chloride is during a liquid or molten state it exists as a dimer. Here its coordination geometry is going to be tetrahedral. At higher temperatures, the dimers dissociate into trigonal planar.
As we know aluminium chloride exists as a dimer \[\left( {A{l_2}C{l_6}} \right)\] during a solid state also as in solution of non-polar solvents like benzene. When dissolved in water, it gives
\[
  [Al{\left( {OH} \right)_6}]{{\text{ }}^{3 - }} + 3HCl \\
  A{l_2}C{l_6}{\text{ }} + 12{H_2}O \to 2{\left[ {Al{{\left( {OH} \right)}_6}{\text{ }}} \right]^{3 + }}{\text{ }} + 12HCl \\
 \]
Thus aluminium chloride is hydrolyzed to make the complex ion containing s hydroxide groups.
Therefore, the option B is correct.

Note:
We must know that white fumes are due to the presence of HCl gas. Anhydrous aluminium chloride is hydrolyzed partially with the moisture in the atmosphere to give HCl gas. This HCl combines with the moisture in the air and appears white in color.