Question

AIDS Full form is Acquired immunodeficiency _____________.

Answer 1

Hint:AIDS is caused by the HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus). It is a syndrome in which the body loses its ability to fight against infections or it weakens the immune system.

Complete answer:
>AIDS stands for Acquired immune deficiency syndrome caused by the retrovirus i.e, HIV.
>HIV is a member of genus Lentivirus.
>HIV virus belongs to the family Retroviridae.
>AIDS is a late stage of infection because a person can live many years after the entry of HIV virus without experiencing any symptoms.
>Symptoms can be seen after a long time. If the infection progresses, it increases the risk of other infections too like tuberculosis, tumors, etc.
Modes of spreading:
->HIV spread by-
->Unprotected sex
->Contaminated blood transfusion
->Breastfeeding
->Mother to child during pregnancy
->Hypodermic needles

Mechanism
>Virus after entering into the body first enters the macrophages cells (phagocytic cells of the immune system).
>Inside the macrophages virus produces viral DNA from its RNA by using the enzyme Reverse transcriptase.
>After then the viral DNA integrates itself into the host DNA and starts multiplying with the host DNA by the process of DNA replication.
>At the same time viruses get into the T-lymphocytes (White blood cell) and also multiply there in order to form more and more viral progenies.
>The cell ruptures and releases viral progenies which then attack other T-lymphocytes.
>As a result the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of the affected person decreased and thus decreased the power of the immune system of the affected person as T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes with other immune cells responsible for the proper functioning of the immune system.

So, AIDS full form is Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Note: Immune system is a complex system which provides protection to the body against infection. It is a system of many cells, and proteins that work together to defend the body. The immune system also has memory cells which keep a record of every microbe that entered the body so that it can recognise and destroy that particular microbe when it enters the body again.