Question

After losing two electrons, an atom of Helium becomes equivalent to
(A) alpha particle
(B) beta particle
(C) gamma particle
(D) deuterium nucleus

Answer 1

Hint:The ability to lose electrons is to get stability. Atoms either gain electrons or they accept electrons to complete their octet. Apart from this, some radioactive nuclei lose several electrons to gain stability.

Complete step by step answer:
The given atom is Helium. The atomic number of helium is 2. It means there are two protons and two electrons. And if it loses two electrons it becomes doubly charged helium. Also, the Beta particle is fast-moving electrons. Gamma particle is an electromagnetic wave.
We know the alpha particle which was used in the Rutherford scattering experiment was nothing but doubly ionized helium atoms. Thus, the correct answer is (A)

Additional Information:
An alpha particle contains two protons and two neutrons. when the nucleus of an atom becomes unstable alpha particles are emitted to restore the stability. An alpha particle can also be produced by the alpha decay of a radioactive nucleus.
Deuterium is also called heavy hydrogen. It is an isotope of hydrogen with a nucleus consisting of one proton and one neutron. A beta particle is emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay.

Note:Deuterium is an isotope and not a particle. On the other hand, a gamma particle is a part of gamma rays which is an electromagnetic wave. Gamma rays have the smallest wavelengths and the most energy of any wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.