Question

Adaptation to low temperature and freezing in animals occurs due to the production of
A. Proline
B. Analine
C. Antifreeze proteins
D. Antifreeze monosaccharides

Answer 1

Hint: Polar marine animals display a variety of so-called resistance adaptations that help them maintain homeostasis at low temperatures and shield them from fatal freezing injuries. The inability to survive at temperatures above 3 to 8 degrees C is linked to specialisation to temperatures at or below 0 degrees C.

Complete step by step solution:
The speed of every physiological process is influenced by temperature. Animals that cannot adjust their body temperature, known as poikilotherms, must develop defences against low temperatures because they are exposed to them in almost all settings

In seasonal boreal species, antifreeze synthesis is frequently triggered by environmental cues other than low temperatures, particularly short day durations. The majority of the modifications that allow intertidal invertebrates to endure freezing are linked to their capacity to endure aerial exposure. The production of low molecular mass ice-nucleating proteins, which regulate and stimulate the development of extracellular ice, is one of the unique adaptations for freezing avoidance.

Animals use antifreeze proteins as a sort of adaptation to aid in their survival in cold climates. Ice crystals grow in the cell at low temperatures, which causes the organism to perish. Antifreeze proteins allow an animal to survive by lowering its metabolic rate and preventing the creation of ice crystals.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C.

Note:
Additionally, marine poikilotherms display a variety of capacity adaptations that quicken some physiological processes to partially offset the impacts of low temperature. However, there is no evidence of temperature adaptation in the rate of embryonic development in a wide variety of marine creatures.