Question

When acetic acid is treated with $Ca{(OH)_2}$ and the product so obtained is subjected to distillation. The final product is
A. Ethanol
B. Propanal
C. Propanone
D. Ethanol

Answer 1

Hint:acetic acid shows acidic properties, and calcium hydroxide acts as base, when an acid and a base reacts a simple acid- base reaction occurs and a salt and water forms. Distillation is the process of separating the components from liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation.

Complete answer:
Acetic acid is a type of carboxylic acid, it has acidic properties. And on the other hand $Ca{(OH)_2}$ is a base. When an acid-base reaction occurs, we get salt and water as products. In this case we will get calcium acetate as-
$2C{H_3}COOH + Ca{(OH)_2} \to {(C{H_3}COO)_2}Ca + 2{H_2}O$
This is a kind of double displacement reaction. The anion part of acetic acid gets bonded with the cation part of calcium hydroxide and forms calcium acetate. On the other hand the proton from the acetic acid gets bonded with hydroxide of calcium hydroxide and forms water.
Now when these calcium salts are to be distilled they give aldehydes or ketones. Like calcium formate on distillation gives formaldehyde and a mixture of calcium formate. And when the calcium acetate is heated, acetone and calcium carbonate is obtained.
$Ca{(C{H_3}COO)_2}Ca \to C{H_3}COC{H_3} + CaC{O_3}$
This process is a way to produce acetone. The acetone then can be distilled off from the mixture, leaving behind solid calcium carbonate.

Hence the correct option will be C. Common name of propanone is acetone.

Note:
When we heat the mixture even at high temperature, the calcium carbonate gets decomposed and gives calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as $CaC{O_3}\xrightarrow{\vartriangle }CaO + C{O_2}$. Calcium acetate is used to control high blood levels of phosphorus in people with kidney disease who are on dialysis.