Question

According to most recent studies, each chromosome consists of
a) Single double-helical DNA which is highly coiled and folded
b) Variable number of DNA helices, depending upon the length of the chromosome
c) Many small DNA helices, which are joined by peptide linkages
d) Small DNA helices, wrapped around each other like a rope

Answer 1

Hint: Chromosomes are the genetic material present in our cells. They are used to transfer the genetic information from one generation to the other. The chromosome is present in a very compact form in the cell.

Complete answer:
The chromosome is the genetic material present in the cell. It is used to transfer the genetic information from parents to offspring. DNA is a long structure which is present in the highly coiled form as a chromosome. As the DNA has a long structure or strand they need to be wrapped in a particular manner that it can fit into the cell. Chromosomes have two similar strands present which are joined by the centromere. These identical strands are known as the sister chromatids or chromatids. During the cell division, these chromatids usually separate and are transferred into the daughter cells. The chromosome is made up of the single double-helical DNA and protein. The chromosome is the compact form of the DNA molecule. The chromosome consists of the genetic makeup of a particular being. It is unique for every creature present on the Earth. Exact copies of chromosomes cannot be found in two related organisms, they may be identical but would not be exactly the same.

So, the answer is ‘Single double-helical DNA which is highly coiled and folded’.

Note: The chromosome is made up of a single strand of the DNA and is present in a thread-like structure in the cell. The chromosome also consists of the DNA present in the double helix structure. The DNA present in the chromosome is highly coiled in nature and is present in a compact form.