Question

Abzyme is
A. Antienzyme
B. Antigens
C. Enzyme like antibody
D. Both a and b

Answer 1

Hint:-An abzyme (from antibody and enzyme), also called catman (from catalytic monoclonal antibody), and most frequently called catalytic antibody, may be an antibody with catalytic activity. Abzymes are usually raised in lab animals immunized against synthetic haptens, but some natural abzymes are often found in normal humans (anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide autoantibodies) and in patients with autoimmune diseases like systemic LE , where they will bind to and hydrolyze DNA. so far abzymes display only weak, modest catalytic activity and haven't proved to be of any practical use. They are considered as subjects of academic interest. Studying them has yielded important insights into reaction mechanisms, enzyme structure and performance , catalysis, and therefore the system itself.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Enzymes function by lowering the energy of activation of the transition state of a reaction , thereby enabling the formation of an otherwise less-favorable molecular intermediate between the reactant(s) and therefore the product(s). If an antibody is developed to bind to a molecule that's structurally and electronically almost like the transition state of a given reaction , the developed antibody will bind to, and stabilize, the transition state, a bit like a natural enzyme, lowering the energy of activation of the reaction, and thus catalyzing the reaction. By raising an antibody to bind to a stable transition-state analog, a replacement and unique sort of enzyme is produced.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Note:-
So far, all catalytic antibodies produced have displayed only modest, weak catalytic activity. The explanations for low catalytic activity for these molecules are widely discussed. Possibilities indicate that factors beyond the binding site may play a crucial role , especially through protein dynamics. Some abzymes are engineered to use metal ions and other cofactors to enhance their catalytic activity.