Question

(a) What is respiration?
(b) Explain the transportation of food and other substances in plants.

Answer 1

Hint: The food we take is used and taken by cells to provide energy for various activities going on in our body. Different organisms make use of various pathways - some utilise oxygen to break down the glucose into carbon dioxide and water while other organisms do not require oxygen to break down the glucose.

Complete answer:
a) The word respire we always talk about to the breathing. During breathing, the taking of oxygen in each cycle that we inhale and releasing of carbon dioxide in each exhale take place. This is essential for respiration, but breathing is defined as the physical process while respiration is the chemical process. The respiration is referred to as a biochemical process, in which there occurs breakdown of C-C bond of complex substance via oxidation and release of a huge amount of energy.
Respiration can be categorised in two types depending upon the presence or absence of oxygen i.e. aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

b) Transportation in flora refers to the technique of switch of water, solutes, and minerals from one vicinity to another.
1. Plants are said to have two extraordinary types of complex tissues to useful resource transportation, particularly the xylem and the phloem.
2. Xylem transport the water and minerals, while the phloem is responsible for the transport of solutes in the plant.
3. Xylem transport components from the roots to other plant parts and the phloem transports the organized meals from the leaves to other plant parts.

Note: In coniferous plant species, leaves have adapted themselves into the decreased size and needle-like look to flourish in bloodless environments. These vegetation include spruce, fir, pine. etc.
In warm climates, plants like cactus have tailored to structure succulent leaves that assist to retain water. The aquatic plant life has leaves with wide lamina that can float on the floor of the water. It consists of a thick waxy cuticle on the leaf floor that repels water.