Question

A vertebrate bone which directly develops from mesenchyme is called
(A)Endochondral bone
(B)Dermal bone
(C)Replacing bone
(D)All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Mesenchyme is a connective tissue type found in the Embryonic development stage of bilateral triploblastic animals and gives rise to a certain type of bones that isn't made of cartilage.

Complete answer:
The dermal bone or membrane bone is a direct derivation of mesenchyme from intramembranous ossification and forms components of the vertebrate skeleton including much of the skull, jaws, gill covers, shoulder girdle, and fin spines rays and the shell of tortoises and turtles. This type of bone doesn't form from the cartilage and is ornamented most of the time.
Examples of dermal bone are the clavicle in humans, fin rays and scales in bony fishes, and the shell in turtles.

Additional Information:
Endochondral bone is one of the two essential bones during fetal Development of the mammalian system and creates the bone tissues. Unlike dermal bones formed from cartilage. It is also important in the process of rudimentary formation of long bones.
Replacing or artificial bones are bone-like material that is artificially created to use in bone grafts to replace bones that are lost due to fracture, disease, etc. Materials that are used in making these bones need to be mechanically strong as well as biocompatible and osteoconductive.

Therefore, the correct answer is “Dermal bones”.

Note: The dermal bone's function is conserved throughout vertebrates but mainly related to biochemical aspects such as protection against predators. They are said to be involved in ecophysiological aspects such as heat transfers between the body and the external environment when basking.