Question

A single strand sequence of coding DNA reads 5' GCC ATG ACT 3. What amino acids would be coded with the enzyme RNA polymerase by this section?
Use the codon table to help you.

First Letter	Second Letter	Third Letter
	U	C	A	G
U	phenylalanine	serine	tyrosine	cysteine	U
	phenylalanine	serine	tyrosine	cysteine	C
	leucine	serine	stop	stop	A
	leucine	serine	stop	tryptophan	G
C	leucine	proline	histidine	arginine	U
	leucine	proline	histidine	arginine	C
	leucine	proline	glutamine	arginine	A
	leucine	proline	glutamine	arginine	G
A	isoleucine	threonine	asparagine	serine	U
	isoleucine	threonine	asparagine	serine	C
	isoleucine	threonine	lysine	arginine	A
	methionine	threonine	lysine	arginine	G
G	valine	alanine	aspartate	glycine	U
	valine	alanine	aspartate	glycine	C
	valine	alanine	glutamate	glycine	A
	valine	alanine	glutamate	glycine	G

A. Serine-histidine-glycine.
B. Arginine-tyrosine-stop.
C. Alanine-methionine-threonine
D. Serine-valine-proline.

Answer 1

Hint:-Every cell consist of the DNA which have the four nucleotides that attached or strung each other in a DNA strand so that during transcription, and mRNA is formed from the template strand of the DNA, and later this mRNA undergo a process of translation to form proteins.


Complete step-by-step solution:-During transcription one of the DNA strands forms a template strand and the RNA polymerase starts reading the strand and forms complementary base pairs.
There is one difference In nucleotides of DNA and RNA, that is RNA do not have thymine, instead it have uracil, the nucleotides that are present in the RNA are adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.
As we know that generally in the DNA, Adenine and thymine are complementary to each other, in the similar way, guanine and cytosine are complementary to one another
So whenever there is adenine in the strand of DNA, the complementary strand that formed in the mRNA is uracil.
After the formation of mRNA, translation occurs which means the formation of amino acids from the mRNA, by the machinery organelle ribosome, where every 3 nucleotides together called as triplet code which code for a particular amino acid, and hundreds or multiple number of this amino acids are joined together to form the proteins.
The sequence of the DNA strand in the question is
5' GCC ATG ACT 3’ so the mRNA strand for this sequence is
GCC = CGG
ATG=UAC
ACT=UGA. So with the help of the table given in the above question, we can write the sequence of amino acids that are formed by the sequence of codes on mRNA.
CGG= Arginine.
UAC= Tyrosine
UGA= Stop
So the correct option is B.

Note:- The simple thing to understand is the mRNA that are formed from the DNA has nucleotides sequence, among those, every 3 nucleotides acts as codon that code for the amino acids which is formed in the process of translation by ribosomes.