Question

A bottle containing two immiscible liquids is given to you. These may be separated by:
(A) fractionating column
(B) separating funnel
(C) fractional distillation
(D) steam distillation

Answer 1

Hint: When the two liquids present in the mixture do not dissolve or mix with each other than that liquids are said to be immiscible and it can be separated by that laboratory apparatus which is made up of glass and in which the separation occurs on the basis of the difference in the densities of the two immiscible liquids. Now identify that.

Complete step by step solution:
First of all, we should know what immiscible liquids are. By the immiscible, we mean those liquids which are not soluble in each other and do not mix with each other and exist separately in the mixture.
Example: benzene in water etc.
Now, let’s discuss the given chemical methods of separation one by one as;
-A fractionating column is a method which is used to separate the liquid mixtures into its different components on the basis of the difference in their volatilities i.e. their boiling points.
-Separating funnels is mostly used in the laboratories to separate the mixture of two immiscible liquids on the basis of the difference in their densities.
-Fractional distillation is the process of separation of the mixtures on the basis of their boiling points by gradually increasing the temperatures and collecting each component separately.
-Steam distillation is the process of separation of compounds on the basis of the difference in their temperatures and steam water is added to the distillation apparatus to lower the boiling points of the compounds.
-So, thus from the above, it is clear that a bottle containing two immiscible liquids can be separated by using the separating funnel.

Hence, option (B) is correct.

Note: In the separating funnel when the two immiscible liquids are put, then the liquid which is more dense forms the lower layer whereas the liquid which is lighter forms the upper layer and when the stop-cock is opened the heavier liquid comes first followed by the lighter liquid.