Question

102nd Constitution Amendment Act inserted how many articles?
A) Five
B) Six
C) Two
D) None

Answer 1

Hint: The government had created a Commission for the Scheduled Tribes and Castes via a resolution in 1987. The parliament passed the NCBC Act in 1993 and constituted the NCBC as a statutory body. Currently, this body is responsible for looking into the exclusion and inclusion of backward classes only. To safeguard the interests of these backward classes, there was a need to give constitutional status to NCBC. This is how the 102nd amendment act was developed.

Complete answer:
The 102nd Constitution Amendment Act inserted two articles: Article 338B and 342-A. The new article 338B in the constitution provides for the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) its composition, functions, mandate, and various officers. And article 342-A empowers the President to notify the list of educationally and socially backward classes of that state/union territory.
This amendment also inserted a Clause (26C) under Article 366 with the modified definition “educationally and socially backward classes'' means under Article 342; such backward classes are so deemed for the purpose. It repealed the NCBC Act of 1992 and enacted to give effect to the Supreme Court judgment in Indira Sahawey Case. The statutory body that was created in 1993-NCBC, was given limited powers, i.e., only to recommend to the government exclusion or inclusion of a community in the central list of OBCs. Also, the power to hear complaints of the bother backward classes and protect their interests remained with the NCBC.
So, the correct answer is Option C.

Note: Our Constitution has received 101 amendments in total. 102 was the last amendment as of date. In August 2018, 102 Constitution Amendment Act was passed. This Amendment grants constitutional status to the National Commission on Backward Classes.