Physics is a branch of science which deals with the study of matter and energy and their properties and their interaction. In simple words, physics tries to explain how different phenomena occur and how they are impacting us things work.
Physics is the most interesting subject for a student if one becomes familiar with formulas. The physics formulas of the 10th Class are mentioned in this article along with the concepts in a detailed manner to help the students and develop a strong foundation of the subject.
All Formulas of Physics Class 10
What is Kinetic Energy?
The energy which is possessed by an object due to its motion is called kinetic energy. When force is applied to an object it produces an acceleration thereby producing kinetic energy. Kinetic energy depends on the velocity and the mass of the object.
Kinetic Energy Formula
The formula for kinetic energy (Ek) is given by
Ek=\[\frac {1} {2} mv^2 \]
Where,
m = mass of the object
v = velocity of the object
Torque Formula
Torque is the turning effect of force that causes motion in an object. An object undergoes rotational motion, and the point at which the object rotates is called the ‘axis of rotation’.
Torque Formula is given by
T = F × r × sinθ
T = torque
F = linear force applied on the object
r = distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the application of linear force occurs
θ = angle between F and r
Capacitance Formula
A capacitor is a device that stores electric energy in an electric field. A capacitor is an essential part of any kind of electronic device. The function of a capacitor is to store electric charge and supply it to the circuit whenever necessary. The potential of a capacitor to store electric charge is called its capacitance.
The 10th physics formula for the capacitance of a capacitor is given by:
C=\[\frac {Q} {V} \]
Where,
C = capacitance (which is measured in farads)
Q = charge (in coulombs)
V = voltage (in volts)
Gravity Formula
Gravity is a force that causes attraction between two objects. It is the same force that causes objects to fall to the ground. This is also the same force that causes the revolution of the planets around the sun. Therefore, for massive objects which have large mass the force of gravitation is more.
The Formula of Gravitational Force
The gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of the two objects and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects.
Fg=\[\frac {G M_1 M_2 } {r^2} \]
Where,
Fg = force of gravitation
M1 = mass of the first object
M2 = mass of the first object
G = universal gravitational constant which is equal to 6.67 10-11Nm2 kg2
r = distance between the objects
Work Formula
In physics, work is said to be done when a force applied to an object makes the object move. If a constant force is applied, work is calculated as the scalar product of the applied force and the displacement of the object. Work is a scalar quantity, i.e. it doesn't have any direction.
Work is calculated by multiplying the component of force in the direction of displacement with the magnitude of displacement of the object.
Mathematically,
W= F × d × cosθ
Where,
W = work done by the force.
F = force applied to the object.
d = displacement caused by the force.
θ = angle between the displacement vector and the force vector.
Waves Formulas
A wave is a disturbance in a medium or space. Waves transfer energy without transferring any actual matter. The waves which travel through a substance, material, or any medium are called mechanical waves. As the wave travels through a medium, the particles of the medium are displaced from its mean position in an oscillating manner.
A wave in which the particle of the medium moves in the direction is parallel to the direction of the wave and is called a longitudinal wave.
A wave in which the particle of the medium moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wave is called a transverse wave.
For a transverse wave, the crest is the position of highest displacement of the amplitude of the wave. The distance between two consecutive crests is known as wavelength. The SI unit of wavelength is meter. Wavelength is related to the speed and frequency of the wave as per the following formula.
Wave velocity = frequency× wavelength
This is written as,
v = f × λ
Where,
v = velocity
f = frequency
λ = wavelength
Refraction Formula
When light passes from one medium to another medium, its speed changes and it also bends from its original path. This bending of light while passing from one medium to another medium is called refraction. Refraction occurs due to the difference between the densities of the two media.
The physics numerical formula for the refraction of light is based on Snell’s law. When light enters from one medium to another medium having an angle of incidence ‘i’ and refracts by an angle of refraction ‘r’, then according to Snell's law.
Where μ is the refractive index of the second medium concerning that of the first medium. The refractive index depends upon the material of the medium.
n1Sin1=n2Sin2
Also from this equation
Where,
n1 = refractive index of First medium
n2 = refractive index of second medium
\[\theta_1\] - angle of incidence
\[\theta_2\] - angle of incidence
Temperature Formulas
Temperature is a physical quantity that is used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of an object. The temperature formula is mostly used to calculate the average kinetic energy of particles.
Conversion of Temperature between Celsius scale and Kelvin scale: is given by :
K= C + 273.15
The temperature conversion formula from the Kelvin scale to the Celsius scale is:
C= K - 273.15
Where,
C = temperature in Celsius scale
K = temperature in the Kelvin scale
FAQs on Physics Formulas for Class 10
1. What are Some Facts About Gravity?
Gravity is an important topic that is covered by all the boards it can be CBSE, ICSE, etc.
Objects with mass are attracted towards one another.
Gravity keeps the earth and other planets in orbit.
Tides are due to the rotation of the earth and the gravitational effect of the sun and moon.
Since mars have lower gravity as compared to earth, a person weighing around 200 pounds on earth will resemble 76 pounds on mars.
2. Give Some Examples of Kinetic Energy.
Kinetic every is the energy formed because of the motion of an object. The property of kinetic energy depends not only on the movement but also on the mass of an object. It is a very important concept and students should know the formula of kinetic energy for the preparation of physics Class 10. Some examples of kinetic energy are given below which will help you to understand it in a better way.
A. Radiant Energy - A traditional incandescent light bulb showing two forms of energy when light is turned on.
B. Thermal Energy - When you put a frozen pizza in the oven, it gets heated up thereby increasing in temperature
C. Sound Energy - When you put your hand on speaker, the one that plays loudly, you will feel its vibration
D. Electrical Energy - A light when it is plugged into a wall outlet and is turned on.
3. What are the important formulas in physics Class 10? How to prepare them?
Class 10th syllabus covers many important physics formulas that students should study thoroughly to get a good understanding of the subject, also, candidates should learn the formulas thoroughly and know how to apply them in various problem questions.
To learn the formulas students need to get a complete understanding of the topics and their use in daily life. Like students can study with the help of example so that will give them a good knowledge of the topics.
Students preparing for the Class 10th board examination should prepare themselves for any type of questions based on these topics. It can be formula-based or theory-based.
4. Is the physics of Class 10 easy?
Physics is a very interesting subject, it provides a lot of practical knowledge about the things around us. Class 10th physics is easy but some students might find it a bit tricky. Physics of Class 10th covers all the important physics topics and provides basic knowledge about them, further in Classes 11 and 12 physics students will study all these topics in detail.
The Class 10th physics covers the formulas of all the topics and students should learn these formulas well to score good marks.
5. What are the topics covered in Class 10 physics and where can I find the best study material for it?
Formulas covered in Class 10th physics are :
Density is mass per unit volume.
Potential energy (P)
Kinetic energy (P)
Work formula
Refraction
Gravity
Ohm's law.
Electric power = voltage applied x current