Question

Zona fasciculata secretes
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Thyroxine
D. Adrenaline

Answer 1

Hint: Adrenal glands also called suprarenal glands or glands of Emergency. These are paired glands located at the anterior part of the kidneys. Each kidney has an adrenal gland on top of it. These glands have dual origin i.e., from Mesoderm and Ectoderm of embryo Each adrenal gland is composed of two types of tissues, adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex.

Complete Answer:
Adrenal Cortex is derived from. Mesoderm of embryo. It is the external or outer part of the adrenal gland. It is divided into three layers
Zona reticularis: It is the innermost layer of the adrenal cortex.
Zona fasciculata: It is the middle layer of the adrenal cortex.
Zona glomerulosa: It is the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex.

Now let us gather information about given options :
1. Aldosterone: These are the steroid hormones which are released from the zona glomerulosa layer of the adrenal cortex. These regulate the water and electrolyte balance in the body.
2. Cortisol: These are also the steroid hormones which are produced by the zona fasciculata layer of the adrenal cortex. As the name suggests, these are the corticoids which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism.
3. Thyroxine: This is secreted from the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones also promote growth of body tissues-both physical growth and development of mental faculties are stimulated.
4. Adrenaline: Adrenal Medulla develops from Neuroectoderm of the embryo. Adrenal medulla is the internal or inner part of the adrenal gland. It releases two hormones called epinephrine and norepinephrine. The epinephrine is also called adrenaline and norepinephrine is also called noradrenaline.

Hence the correct answer is option B that is cortisol.

Note: Cortisol is used in transplantation surgery to suppress the immune response in the body of recipients so that the latter may accept the transplanted organs. The deficiency of cortisol causes Addison's disease and excess of cortisol causes Cushing's syndrome.