Question

Write the structural formula of all isomers of molecular formula ${{C}_{4}}{{H}_{8}}O$

Answer 1

Hint: The word isomer is derived from two Greek words called iso + mer where iso means equal and mer means parts i.e., equal parts. Isomers are defined as those compounds which have the same chemical formula but different arrangement of molecules and the phenomenon of isomers is known as isomerism.

Complete answer:
Isomers are generally of two types: Structural isomerism and Geometrical isomerism. Structural isomers are also known by the name constitutional isomerism and it is of five types:
1. Chain isomerism: These isomers are different in branching of chains.
2. Position isomers: Isomers differ with the arrangement of attachment of functional groups to different carbon atoms.
3. Functional isomerism: Those which have the same chemical formula but different functional groups.
4. Metamerism: Due to presence of different alkyl chains on each side of functional groups.
5. Tautomerism: Which differ in the position of proton and electron.
Hence from this we can conclude that there are many isomers are present for the molecular formula ${{C}_{4}}{{H}_{8}}O$, these can be shown as follows:

Some are chain isomers, position, functional, metamerism and tautomerism in nature so by combining all the isomeric forms we can say that it has 15 isomeric forms.

Note:
In the constitutional type of isomerism the functional group and the atoms in the molecules of these isomers are linked in different ways. Whereas in geometrical isomerism compounds have the same chemical formula but different orientations of the atoms in three-dimensional space.