Question

Write the function of the nucleolus.

Answer 1

Hint:
Nucleolus is present in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell. The nucleolus is implicated in different aspects such as regulation of cell cycle, growth, and development, senescence, telomerase activity, gene silencing, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Complete answer:
The nucleolus is considered the brain of a cell. It is a membrane-less structure whose primary function is synthesis of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal biogenesis. The nucleolus is formed of RNA and proteins, which form around specific chromosomal regions. It occupies more than 25% of the nucleus volume. It mainly produces subunits which then later forms the ribosomes. The nucleolus also plays an important role in protein synthesis. The structure is made of protein and ribonucleic acid. Its main function is to rewrite ribosomal RNA and combine it with protein. But it leads to the formation of incomplete ribosomes. There is an uninterrupted chain of nucleoplasm and the interior parts of the nucleolus, which occurs through nucleus passages. These passages allow macromolecules with specific mass weight to go through the nucleolus. As it shares a close relationship with the chromosomal matter of cells and its important role in producing ribosomes and because of its nucleolus is thought to be the reason behind human diseases.
Nucleolus function in animal cells-
The nucleolus is double membranous in animal cells and its main functions are the control center of the cell, stores hereditary information, makes RNA protein, makes ribosomes.

Note:
Malfunction of nucleoli can cause several human diseases called “synucleinopathies” and the nucleolus is being investigated for treatment as a Target for cancer chemotherapy.