Question

Write the difference between:
Open and closed systems of circulation.

Answer 1

Hint: The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system.It is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
Complete step by step answer:

Open system of circulation	Closed system of circulation
1. In an open system, blood flows through open spaces thus, blood is in direct contact with tissue fluids.	1. In a closed system blood flows through a closed system of blood vessels thus, blood is in indirect contact with tissue fluids.
2. In an open system, blood pressure is low hence, this system is less active than a closed system of circulation.	2. In a closed system, blood pressure is high hence, this system is more active than the open system.
3. Open system of circulation is present in lower organisms such as molluscs and arthropods.	3. Closed system of circulation is present in organisms such as annelids and vertebrates.
4. In this system, nutrients are directly transported between blood and tissues.	4. In this system, nutrients are transported via tissue fluid.
5. In the open circulatory system, a fluid cavity called the hemocoel bathes the organs directly with oxygen and nutrients, with there being no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid; this combined fluid is called hemolymph or haemolymph	5. In the closed circulatory system, blood circulates within closed vessels so there is distinction between blood and interstitial fluid.
6. Capillary system is not found in this system.	6. Capillary system is found in this system.
7. Open spaces are called sinuses and lacunae.	7. Closed spaces involve veins and arteries that transport blood along with oxygen.
8.Open circulatory system	8.Closed circulatory system
9. Blood is not separated into oxygenated and deoxygenated forms.	9. Blood is separated in oxygenated and deoxygenated forms in some of the organisms such as crocodile, Aves and mammals due to the presence of 4- chambers.
10.Volume of the blood cannot be controlled.	10. Volume of the blood can be controlled by contraction and relaxation of blood vessels.
11. For example- Snails, Spiders, cockroach etc.	11. For example- Humans, earthworms, cats, dogs, birds etc.

Note:
Open system does not need much energy to maintain or operate but the closed system needs lots of energy.