Question

Write IUPAC names of all the isomers \[{C_5}{H_{10}}\]

Answer 1

Hint: Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but have a different arrangement of the atoms in the spatial arrangement. This does not include any different arrangements which are formed simply because of the rotation of the molecule as a whole or rotating about particular bonds.

Complete step by step answer:
As we can observe from the question, the given compound has 5 Carbon atoms and 10 Hydrogen atoms. Carbon has the electronic configuration as \[[He]2{s^2}2{p^2}\] . This means that a carbon atom can stably form 4 covalent bonds, due to the vacant 4 spaces in the 2p orbital.
According to the general formula of the alkene \[{C_n}{H_{2n}}\] . This given compound \[{C_5}{H_{10}}\] is an alkene.
Now the possible isomers with the IUPAC name are,

Additional information:
In the IUPAC nomenclature case, the root word is the number of total carbons in the longest chain of that compound.

No. of carbons	Root word
1	meth
2	eth
3	prop
4	but
5	pent

… and so on.
The primary suffix is used to differentiate between the saturated compounds (Alkanes) and unsaturated compounds (Alkene and Alkynes).

compound	suffix
Alkane	ane
Alkene	Ene
Alkyne	Yne

If there is more than one suffix. Then one of those suffixes is considered as the secondary suffix.
Example: Methanol (Alkanol), here ‘ol’ is a secondary suffix.
The primary prefixes are used to differentiate between cyclic compounds and noncyclic or chain compounds. For cyclic compound prefix s ‘cyclo’. if there are any side chains or groups are present then secondary prefixes like ‘methyl’, ‘ethyl’, ‘propyl’, ‘isopropyl’ are used.
Therefore, considering the IUPAC nomenclature the structure of 2-methyl-3-isopropyl heptane is
“heptane” is for seven carbon in the longest chain, and it is from the group of alkanes that are all sigma bonds. “2-methyl” means there is a methyl group at 2 positions and “3-isopropyl” means there is an isopropyl group at 3 positions. So, the structure as follows,

Note: If there are 2 carbon atoms in the chain of the compound. There is a chlorine atom that is attached to one carbon atom. And it is from the alkene family of an organic compound.
According to the IUPAC nomenclature, the common name of ethene is ethylene. The structure of ethylene is as follows.

Now when one hydrogen atom is replaced by one chlorine atom from ethene, chloroethene is formed. The structure of chloroethene is as follow,