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Write in proper sequence the name of all the parts of the human eye through which the light rays coming from an object pass before they form an image on the retina.

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Last updated date: 22nd Mar 2024
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MVSAT 2024
Answer
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Hint: The human eye contains many light-sensitive cells that get activated upon illumination and generate electrical signals. The optic nerves receive these signals and send it to the brain which interprets and processes these signals in the form of the information that we perceive.

Complete answer:
A human eye appears spherical. It is filled with certain fluid and a normal eye measures about 2.3 cm in diameter. It consists of:
> Sclera: It is the outer covering; a protective tough white layer called the sclera (white part of the eye).
> Cornea: The front transparent part of the sclera is called the cornea. Light enters the eye through the cornea.
> Iris: It is a region behind the cornea. Its colour indicates the colour of the eye and helps to regulate the exposure of the light entering the eye.
> Pupil: It is a small opening in the iris whose size is controlled with the help of iris and controls the amount of light entering the eye.
> Lens: Located behind the pupil, it is a transparent structure which changes its shape to focus light on the retina.
> Retina: a light-sensitive layer that houses numerous nerve cells. Its role is to convert images formed by the lens into electrical impulses.
> Optic nerves: They carry electrical impulses from the retina and then transmit it to the brain. Optic nerves are of two types, cones and rods.
At the junction of the optic nerve and retina, no sensory nerve cells are found. As a result, no vision is possible at this point and is known as a blind spot.
An eye consists of six muscles:
> Medial rectus
> Lateral rectus
> Superior rectus
> Inferior rectus
> Inferior oblique
> Superior oblique
Passage of light in the eye: Cornea -> Iris -> Pupil -> Eye lens -> Retina

Note: The eye is one of the most complex sensory organs. It helps us in visualisation, perception. Besides, these are analogous to cameras. Understanding the structure and working of a human eye helps us in understanding how a camera functions.